Dr. Vytautas Landsbergis, the head of the reform Sajudas Party and speaker of the newly elected Lithuanian Parliament, led the vote on March 11, 1990 to defy Moscow and withdraw the Lithuanian Soviet Republic from the Soviet Union. They acted knowing that Gorbachev had threatened to send in the tanks – which he did. Lithuania was the first of the Soviet Republics to defy Moscow. Dr. Landsbergis thus became the first Head of State of the newly free Republic of Lithuania. He serves now as Lithuania’s representative to the Parliament of Europe.